Developmental Biology and Cancerous Genes

Jackie Clemente

Abstract

Cancer can be caused by a variety of different factors. One of those includes genetics. Genetics has an impact on increasing the risk of cancer. Genetic testing is integral to understanding cancer care. Genetic counseling is also highly beneficial (2).

Genetic Testing

Genetic testing utilizes DNA to analyze mutations, which identify whether or not your risk of cancer is increased. This can include an analysis using genes from a saliva or blood sample, genetic counseling, and assessing the risks of cancer development. Multiple strategies are recommended based on the results of this genetic testing. For those diagnosed with cancer, surgery, targeted therapy, and screening are recommended. Genetic testing is also helpful for family members who may share the genetic risk of cancer. People with these risks should be monitored and should proactively be cared for (2).

Recommendations

Genetic testing is recommended for those with pancreatic cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, colorectal cancer before the age of fifty, ovarian cancer, male breast cancer, or metastatic prostate cancer. These cancers can be linked to harmful genetic changes. People with medical histories that show possible hereditary cancer syndrome should consult a medical professional to seek assistance in genetic testing. A hereditary genetic syndrome can be shown in features such as several types of cancer in one person, cancer in both organs, birth defects, and more (1).

Genetic Counseling

If a positive result is found from genetic testing, genetic counseling is highly beneficial, as it provides the person with an opportunity to learn more about what their result means. During genetic counseling, the topics that are often discussed are: medical implications, impacts on family, harms and benefits, psychological risks and benefits, risks for children, explanations of tests, and appropriate options. Genetic counseling can also lead to referrals to resources for information and support groups (1).

Genetic testing is pertinent in learning more about health, cancer, and the development of biology. However, the real test is having initiative. If you have a family history of genetic risk of cancer, consider genetic testing and/or genetic counseling. Have the initiative to save not only yourself but also your future generations.

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References

[1] National Cancer Institute. (2024, April 18). Genetic Testing for Hereditary Cancer Syndromes. Retrieved from National Cancer Institute website: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/genetics/genetic-testing-fact-sheet

[2] UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center. (2024). The role of genetic testing in cancer prevention and treatment | UT Health San Antonio MD Anderson Cancer Center. Retrieved from Uthscsa.edu website: https://cancer.uthscsa.edu/news-and-stories/role-genetic-testing-cancer-prevention